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" do we consider bears that associate cars with food to dangerously "habituated" to the point they should be shot, captured, or relocated to somewhere more remote? "
I don't know all of the official federal policies on this. In Yosemite National Park, generation after generation of black bears learned that the easiest way to the picnic basket was to simply pry open the windows or doors of a compact car, and if there had been any food odor at all or food sight at all, then there was likely to be a payoff. They didn't really understand why, but humans seemed to put food in these metal picnic boxes on wheels, so the black bears did the only logical thing and tried to liberate the food. Lately in YNP, the rangers and bear techs have gotten pretty stubborn about hazing the black bears away from the campgrounds and into the backcountry. In the backcountry, backpackers have gotten pretty serious about using bear canisters, so some of the problem has gone away. In Inyo National Forest, however, the rules and enforcement are somewhat different (different federal agencies with different budgets and different priorities). In the campgrounds and at trailhead parking lots, they have lots of metal food storage boxes. In the backcountry, things are a little looser.
YNP used to capture a troublesome bear, then ear-tag it and relocate it to a remote part of the park. If it showed up and did damage again, they relocated it to a ranch in far northern California right before bear hunting season. That got expensive, so some of the worst offenders were euthanized, and everybody hates that.
At Whitney Portal Campground, there used to be this huge black bear, medium brown in color, named Elmer. Elmer had been dining on campground garbage for years, and that explained his girth. Elmer was so large and powerful that he could easily intimidate humans, but he couldn't move that fast for very far. Elmer finally took out one too many car windows, and Elmer was dispatched by handgun to the great picnic ground in the sky.
One friend left a Honda parked at Whitney Portal for a 14-hour period with no food inside, and all items were out of sight in the trunk. There could have been food odor, so the bear took out the window and door anyway and got nothing. Black bears are particularly interested in a white paper bag with golden arches on the outside.
--B.G.--
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